Investigation Into Osmosis :: Papers

Investigation Into Osmosis Aim === The aim of this experiment is to compare the change of mass of potatoes when they are in a Starch and wet solution. The reason the mass would changes is due to osmosis. Introduction ============ IMAGE Osmosis is the process of water passing from a region of high concentration of water, through a semi-permeable membrane to a region of low water concentration. Osmosis occurs when there is more water on one look of the cell than the other. In the example to the right the small luscious particles represent water. There are more of the small blue particles on the left-hand side so the number of water molecules on each side would even out until the water cells are in equilibrium. The experiment we are doing is to see how much of the water has diffused and how much mass the potato bewildered or gained. Variables ========= I chose to investigate the mass of potato and volume of solution lost or gained when po tato is put in water/ sucrose solution. The variables I didnt change were Start volume of solution Start mass of potato Surface area of potato Amount of sunlight Length of time flake of potato Temperature The variables that I changed were Concentration of sucrose/ water solution. Preliminary work ================ We did a preliminary experiment to check that the measurements and amount time would give us clear enough results. Method ====== We took three test metros with 10ml solution in each. One with 0M sucrose One with 0.5M sucrose and the other with 1M sucrose, a test tube rack, three bungs and three pieces of potato. We weighed the three pieces of potato and cut them down to make them the same mass to make it a fair test. Then we made the water/ sucrose solution using these measurements

Give a life to your friend, it’s free!

Give a life to your friend, its free BY wersl 23 Comp atomic number 18 and Contrast Lion and Tiger Lions and tigers are the top two ferocious animals in the big cat family. The king of beasts is known as the index of beast and the tiger is known as the emperor of beast. Both lions and tigers take a leak many things in common and at the same time they have a number of differences. Lions and tigers belong to the mammalian group and Felidae family. Lions lives in prides and tigers lives alone. They have no predators of their own and reside at the top of their food chain.This undertake is going to talk about the physical characteristics, diet, habitat and geographical distribution, reproduction and cross breed. The physical characteristics of a lion is male lion is highly characteristic and is easily recognized by its mane. Lion coloration varies from light buff to yellowish or reddish of the body. The underparts are generally lighter and the tail tuft is black. The color of the ma ne varies from blond to black. The lion is a carnivore and a hunter. Its legs are short with very powerful muscles. Male lions are 20 to 35% large than the females and 50% heavier.Each lion has, what are called, whisker spots The pattern formed by this top row of whiskers differs in every lion and body the same throughout its lifetime. Lions are the second-largest in the cat family (the tiger is the largest). Physical characteristics of a tiger highly distinctive and is easily recognized by its stripes. Tigers are tawny brown in color with dark stripes and whitish. Tigers have rusty-reddish to brown-rusty coats, a fair (whitish) medial and entral area and stripes that vary from brown or hay to pure black.The pattern of stripes is unique to each animal, and thus could potentially be used to identify individuals, much in the same track as fingerprints are used to identify people. This is not, however, a preferred method of identification, due to the difficulty of recording the stri pe pattern of a wild tiger. the usage of stripes is camouflage, serving to hide these animals from their prey. Tigers have round pupils and yellow irises. Tigers are the heaviest cats found in the wild.The diet for both the lion and the tiger are large-hearted of the same, but they eat different animals because they are not from the same place. Both lion and tiger eats about 15. 4 lbs. of meat per day. A normal diet for a lion will include zebra, giraffe, buffalo, wildebeest, gazelles and impala. Lions are opportunistic and will readily scavenge the kills of cheetahs, leopards, wild dogs and hyenas. A main prey species for a tiger is are deer, buffalo and wild pigs, but they will also hunt fish, monkeys, birds, reptiles and sometimes even baby elephants.Occasionally, tigers kill leopards, bears and other tigers. Both lion and tiger are both meat-loving big cats. Habitat of a lion and a tiger are both different, because they are both from different limit of the world. Lion lives in Rich grasslands of East Africa to sands of Kalahari Desert, South Sahara to South Africa, excluding the Congo rain forest. They avoid dense forests because prey is scarce. Fun fact in the wild, lions live for approximately 12-18 years, while in captivity they can live over 24 years. Fun fact

Review of Chinatown

Polanskis Chinat give is a classic of 1970s cinema, as it tells a description of murder, due to greed and the political issue of the drought in California. Jack Nicholson, who superbly plays the character of Jack Gittes, is a detective who investigates matters considering adultery. A woman by the name of Evelyn Mulwray insists that her husband is having an affair, asking for Mr. Gittes to find out the truth, although it is not until later on when the photos of Mr. Gittes and a lady have been released into the media that he realises the lady was an imposter.Evelyn Mulwray who is played by the renowned, Faye Dunaway, plays a character that is mentally unstable, although portrays herself as being strong and powerful. Jack Gittes becomes infatuated with the mystery of the murder and the water project, in which he begins to see holes in the lies being fed to him as he searches for answers. As he and widowed Evelyn grow closer, so does the truth and a resolution. Through this Polanski kee ps his viewers on their seats, as they watch this thriller, as they along with Jack Gittes try to piece together the truth.Polanski portrays the aura of the era with sophistication, weaving music and a great choice of settings to progress to the viewer a feel of the time and culture. The clothing, the cars, the constant habit of smoking gives a picture of Los Angeles, California in the 1940s and how it has evidently changed to todays culture and society. Throughout the movie the viewer is able to grasp numerous issues that are still apparent today, particularly corruption and greed and the way in which peoples decisions are influenced by them.The role and status of women is pointed at throughout the film, with Mrs. Evelyn Mulwray acting as a figure of feminism, in freely having personal business and taking the reins when it was required of her. Her turning point in the film shows her strength as a woman, even though being raped by your own father would be mentally disturbing in ev ery nature. In this scene the viewer is represented with the ideas of cunning men in a patricentric society and how this was abused. Noah Cross Katherine I, Im your grandfather, my dear. Im your grandfather.

Srs for Bank Management

EXPERIMENT NO 2 AIM To document Software Requirement Specification for move Academy. THEORY 1) Introduction 1. 1) Purpose This document gives detailed functional and non-functional requirements for Dance Academy. The purpose of this document is that the requirements mentioned in it should be utilized by software developer to machine the system. 1. 2) Scope This system anyows the bank employee to maintain a record of all the nodes who have accountancy in the bank.With the help of this system, the employee should be in a point to search the records of a particular customer, provide him detailed account information and delete and update the customer information as and when required. 1. 3) Overview This system provides an easy dissolver to the bank employee to maintain customer as well as employee records and maintaining a record of all the transactions that take place. 2) General Description This Bank way System replaces the conventional, traditional file and record based syste m with the help of which a lot of paper stimulate will be reduced.Thus the manual work of maintaining files which are subjected to physical wear and tear so-and-so be avoided. The employee must be able to view all the information of customers such as name, account number, date of birth, gender, address, initial balance. Also it must be able to record different transactions such as withdrawal, deposit or transfer of monetary resource from one account to another. The employee can also add new staff members to the system providing them direct access to the database and thus enabling them to provide services to the users.The employee can also potpourri his password to follow security constraints. 3) Functional Requirements 3. 1) Description The identity of each customer is verified and only thence changes are do to the records each customer. After proper verification, the bank employee can bring proper changes to the database as per the requirements of the user. Also the system mai ntains an employee database thus keeping a record of all the members of bank as well as keeping the records of the transactions which take place daily. 3. 2) Technical issues The system should be enforced in .NET. 4) port Requirements 4. 1) graphical user interface GUI 1 The first form provides login page for the employee. GUI 2 After successful login, there are different actions that can be performed i. e. change password, sign-out, add customer, delete customer, add details, view details etc. GUI 3 For adding customers, all the required information is taken and the submit button is selected for do corresponding changes into the database. GUI 4 Once the changes are made into the database, on clicking the view details icon, the details of the customer can be obtained.GUI 5 and 6 The details of the customer can be updated with the help of form 5. A particular customer can be removed with the help of delete customer option. GUI 7,8 and 9 These forms record the different transactions such as withdrawal, deposit, transfer. 4. 2) Hardware Interface Hardware Interface 1 The system should be plant in each PC of the bank and in all of its branches. 4. 3) Software Interface Software Interface 1 Bank Management System. Software Interface 2 The staff and employee database should maintain necessary records. ) Performance Requirements The system should work concurrently on multiple computers during the working hours of bank. The system should support 50 users. 6) innovation Constraints The system should be designed in 2 months. 7) Other Non Functional Attributes a) Security Each employee is provided with a user ID and password to log into the system. Only then he can manipulate the database. b) Availability The system should be available during bank working hours. c) Maintainability There should be a facility to add or delete customers as and when required. ) Reusability The same system must be used in every financial year. 8) Operational Scenarios There will be an emp loyee database and customer database. The employee database contains personal information of all the employees. The customer database contains personal as well as account related information. 9) Preliminary Schedule The system has to be implemented in 2 months. CONCLUSION Thus we have documented Software Requirement Specification for Bank Management System (BMS).

Ethics in Ir Essay

Introduction when mentation about how the adult male works IR scholars usu bothy subscribe to one of two dominant theories, realism or liberalism. One, Greco-Roman/neo-realist thought, is more pessimistic about the prospects of cessation, cooperation, and human progress whilst the other, liberalism/ idealism, is more upbeat and sanguine about human nature and human possibilities. In this take to task, we examine apiece(prenominal) macrocosm intellection in depth at the end Id like you to think about which, if any, view you subscribe to II. International Relations Theory A. What is theory? One word often used to describe theory is paradigm.According to Ray and Kaarbo, a paradigm is simply a way of thinking about and approaching an area of scientific or scholarly inquiry that is widely accepted within a particular discipline. 1. In other words, a paradigm provides a simplified map of reality it takes the complexity of the real world and reduces it to a core set of assumptions that dispatch planetary events that copm so isolated, unrelated and complex more comprehensible. 2. So thats what theory and paradigms are all about they help us systematize and simplify a very complicated world. Good theory is generally simple ( leave Ockhams RazorWilliam of Ockham said a long time ago that when you have two competing theories that make exactly the homogeneous predictions, the simpler one is the offend. ), accurate, and elegant. -William of Ockham 3. Note that to be valuable, a paradigm of world administration neednt explain either event. This is b/c theory, by nature, simplifies reality so that certain things are missed. This simply cant be helped. 4. Ray and Kaarbo (p4) make the point that studying theories allows students of external relations to analyze global politics in the future, long after they finish reading this book or taking courses on the subject.When students learn only history or contemporary issues their companionship of global politics i s limited in time because new issues and events are always arising. In short, by studying theories of IR, you will be able to see events in a broader, more analytical, more systematic framework rather than a limited and time bound one analytically, thats vital. 5. In this lecture we will be examining two dominant paradigms in world politics Realism and Liberalism (along with sub-theories within the same larger paradigm) III. The Realist Worldview A.Lets start with a quote from Thomas Hobbes (1651), whom many characterize as probably the major citidel of the modern theory we call spotless realism -The stylish Mr. Hobbes Cover of his originative work, Leviathan Hereby it is manifest that during the time men live without a common force play to keep them all in awe, they are in that condition which is called warfare and such a war as is of all(prenominal) man against every man To this war of every man against every man, this also is consequent that nil can be unjust.The notion of right and wrong, justice and injustice, have there no indue. Where there is no common power, there is no law where no law, no injustice. Force and fraud are in war the two cardinal virtues. 1. You should note from the above that realism embraces a more pessimistic view of world politics, domain relations, and the possibility of perpetual peace Thats why I started with this b/c Hobbes more pessimistic view of the world rightfully underscores the theory we call classical realism (and which is now called structural/neo realism) B.Definitions and Description of Realist Theory. 1. According to professors Kegley & Wittkopf (31), classical realism is a paradigm establish on the premise that world politics is essentially and unchangeably a struggle among self-interested rural areas for power and position under anarchy, with each competing acres pursuing its aver national interests 2. Ray and Kaarbo (p4) write that realism is a theoretical perspective for understanding intl. re lations that emphasizes states as the most important actor in global politics, the anarchical nature of the intl. ystem, and the pursuit of power to secure states interests. 3. The founding father of this theory is the Greek historian Thucydides, who wrote the seminal account of the war between capital of Greece and Sparta. In his history of the Peloponnesian War, Thucydides vies that the war broke out b/c Athens was concerned about Spartas growing power. His writings greatly influenced theorists and statemen alike through the next two thousand years, including the modern proponents (Morgenthau, Kissinger, Waltz, James et al) of classical and neo-realism 4.In short and in sum, realists see international relations as driven by the unrelenting and competitive pursuit of power by states in the effort to secure state interests. 5. For realists, the most important source of power is military capability, and the acquisition and use of that military capability makes the realists world on e prone to violence and warfare. 6. At the core of this theory is that world politics takes place within a context of anarchy (ie the absence of world govt. which is different than how the world of domestic politics functions), which Thomas Hobbes likens to a state of nature.In this state of nature, Hobbes argues that because there are no rules, no laws, no enforcement mechanisms etc, that conflict turns into war (he calls it a perpetual war of all against all) which is why INSIDE countries, mountain consent (ie the so-called social charter) to live under a government that makes and enforces laws, order, security, etc. In this state, people dont have absolute immunity BUT they sacrifice some liberty to that govt. in order to get order and security 7. In world politics, we dont have this, ergo, realists argue that we live in a state of nature, or in a world of perpetual conflict.Therefore, the violence, chaos, death and destruction that often accompany world politics reflect the wa r of all against all that intl. anarchy directly implies 8. Realists also assume that states, or countries, are the key actors and determine what happens in the world (Ray and Kaarbo 5). Ray and Kaarbo (p. 5) add that states can, if they choose, control all other actors, according to realism. 9. State interests, rather than human rights or ideological preferences, are the reason behind every state action. Ray and Kaarbo (p. 5) advert that it is the maximization of power that is in a states interest.Thus, everything a state does can be explained by its entrust to maintain, safeguard, or increase its power in relation to other states. 10. In the world of anarchy and state sovereignty, there is no higher authority to chit-chat order, and there is no intl. 911 number for states to call when their interests are threatened. States must therefore provide for their profess defense and protection. Realists refer to this effort by states to defend their own interests as SELF-HELP (usual ly though the acquisition of military capacity or joining alliances ) 11. In short and in sum, without an intl. orld authority, they must look out for their own interests which realists suggest is all about securing and maintaining their power. To realists, this is the only rational way to behave in an anarchic intl. realm 12. The implications of all of the above for realists is somewhat obvious war is necessary this is b/c in a world with no higher power to impose order and resolve disputes, with almost 200 sovereign actors looking to defend their interests via self-help, and where efforts at self-help and self-defense can threaten other actors in the system, states sometimes need to use force to resolve disputes with other states 3. Realists conclude a few other thingsthe possibility of cooperation and change is limited, that world politics is not primarily about nice and satanic, that power trumps justice, and that the road to order lies through the remainder of power a. Ray a nd Kaarbo site Saddam Husseins invasion of Kuwait as an example of how states act to maximize their power above all else C. The core of classical realist theory is best summarized in the form of 10 assumptions 1.People are by nature narrowly selfish and ethically flawed 2. Of all peoples evil ways, none are more prevalent or dangerous than their instinctive lust for power and their desire to drop others 3. The possibility of eradicating these instincts is a utopian pipedream 4. International politics is a struggle for power, a war of all against all 5. The primary objective of every statethe goal to which all other objectives should be subordinated tois to promote its NATIONAL INTERESTS 6.The anarchical nature of the intl system dictates that states acquire sufficient military capabilities to deter attack by potential enemies and to exercise influence over others 7. Economics is less relevant to ntl security than is military might 8. Allies might increase a states ability to defen d itself, but their loyalty and reliability should never be assumed 9. States should NEVER entrust the task of self-protection to intl security organizations or intl law 10. If all states seek to maximize power, stability will result by maintaining a balance of powerIV. The Liberal Worldview A. As in classical realist theory, I will start the discussion of liberalism with a quote from one of the founders of this paradigm, Immanuel Kant (1795) -The perspicacious Dr. Kant -Kants towering Toward Perpetual Peace But the homage which each state pays (at least in words) to the concept of law proves that there is slumbering in man an even greater moral disposition to become master of the evil principle in himself (which he cannot disclaim) and to hope for the same from othersFor these reasons there must be a league of a particular kind, which can be called a league of peace (foedus pacificum), and which would be distinguished from a treaty of peace (pactum pacis) by the fact that the lat ter terminates only one war, while the former seeks to make an end of all wars forever. 1. You should note from the above that liberalism, or idealist theory, embraces a more optimistic view of world politics, state relations, and the possibility of perpetual peace Thats why I started with this quote by Kants more optimistic view of the world. B.Definitions and Description of Liberal Theory 1. According to Kegley & Wittkopf (2006 28), liberalism is a paradigm predicated on the hope that the application of reason and universal ethics to international relations can lead to a more orderly, just, and cooperative world, and that international anarchy lack of a hierarchy/world government and war can be policed by institutional reforms that empower international organizations and laws 2. Ray and Kaarbo (p. 7) define intl. liberalism as a theorectical perspective emphasizing interdependence between states and substate actors as the key haracteristic of the intl. system. 3. Liberalism, or what many also call idealism/idealist theory, can be traced keep going to Kants Toward Perpetual Peace though more recently, in the period b/n WWI and WWII, the major intellectual challenger to the realist paradigm was idealism. Idealists questioned many of the staple fiber tenets of realism and suggested that it would be possible to transform the world of power seeking and war into one in which peace and cooperation among states might prevail 4.Idealism, in blood to realism, suggests a well-intentioned but utopian perspective that realists believe was out of touch with how the real world actually works which is why the word idealism was shelved for the world liberalism, which couldnt be tarred as fuzzy headed and out of touch 5. Unlike realists, liberals believe that significant global cooperation is possible and that we can move beyond the power politics at the heart of the realist paradigm. 6. For liberals, the key assumption is that peace and cooperation among states can p roduce absolute gains for all.As long as your state is better off as a result of cooperating with others, the gains of others should not matter realists are only concerned with relative gains (why intl. trade isnt the end all be all for classical realists, esp. if you will empower a rival) 7. BTW, whilst Kant argued that the natural state of humankind is one of war and conflict he also importantly suggested a state of peace can be established. He argues that this perpetual peace can be established, esp. through the (1) the creation of a loose federation of bleak states whose members were committed to maintaining intl. rder and security, (2) the spirit of commerce which in Kants view is incompatible with war and which sooner or later gains the upper hand in every state, and (3) the creation of republican govts in which executive power is checked by an independent legislature 8. Liberals argue that realist explanations of anarchy and self-help are wrong b/c they miss the REAL nature of world politics in the modern world COMPLEX INTERDEPENDENCE, which has become the dominant feature of global politics (Ray and Kaarbo 9). a.Complex interdependence means that there are multiple channels among a variety of actors in intl. politics. b. Where realists see states as the only important actors, liberals see a world where there are a variety of non-state actors (such as multi-national corporations, intergovernmental organizations, and governmental organizations), share the world stage with countries. c. They also argue that multiple issues, not just military security, are vital to the global agenda C. Modern Liberalism based on the following set of assumptions 1. Human nature is essentially good 2.

Micro Econ

Describe the efficient market hypothesis and give a piece of evidence consistent with this theory. Markets ope appraise expeditiously when resources are fully employed and output is produced at lowest possible costs at quantities that correspond to rational consumer behavior. Market efficiency involves both copious and bothocative efficiency.Productive efficiency is concerned with cadence of goods and run produced. It is achieved when it is impossible to increase output of one type of product without reducing the output of another product i.e. all resources are fully employed and the economy is operating on its production possibility curve. Allocative efficiency is achieved when the resources are allocated in the right proportions to produce different goods and services to give a product mix that reflects consumers preferences. (Grant, 2003)The term efficient as used by economists simply means, If charge and quantity take anything other than their chemical equilibrium taxs, a transaction that will make at least some people better gain without harming others can always be found.(Frank and Bernanke, 2001) This is known as Pareto efficiency, named after the Italian economist, Vilfredo Pareto. It is a state whereby there is no way of making one party in a market better off without making the other party worse off. It is achieved when productive and allocative efficiency interacts.An efficient transaction creates an economic surplus. If a product sells below the market equilibrium bell, it is not efficient.2. The cleaning service firm Clean All plc increased its workers wages by 4% and it experienced an increase in its profits. How can this have happened?increase wages boosts workers productivity. Workers are also tempted to work for longer hours which also increase productivity. This results in high profits and labor turnover is also significantly lowered. still though wages are higher, the firm may not have significantly higher labor costs per unit of o utput.An employers reservation price for a worker is the most the employer could pay without suffering a decline in profit. In a perfectly competitive labor market, this price is the value of workers marginal product (VMP).A workers marginal product is the extra output the firm gets as a result of hiring that worker. apprise marginal product is the net contribution the worker makes to the employers revenue i.e. result of multiplying the workers marginal product by the net price for which each unit of product sells.By reason of the law of diminishing returns, we know that the marginal product of labor, hence VMP, declines in the short run as the quantity of labor rises.The individual employers demand curve for labor, in this case Clean All plc may be shown as downward sloping ladder of wage rate. The supply curve of labor for any particular occupation is upward sloping.3) Does on increase in saving lead to a higher standard of living? Why? Might a politician prefer not to try to in troduce resources increase at the rate of saving?Yes, savings lead to higher standard of living. Savings are that part of current income that is not spent on current needs .Higher rates of saving today leads to faster accumulation of wealth and the wealthier an economic unit is (e.g. household or nation) the higher its standard of living in the future.Savings are mostly employed in financial investments e.g. government bonds or shares of stock in a corporation. These pay returns in form of interest payments, dividends or capital gains High returns are preferable of course because the higher the return the faster ones savings grow.The rate of return most relevant is savings decision is the real interest rate i.e. the rate at which the real purchasing power of a financial asset increases over time .it is the market nominal interest rate minus the ostentation rate. The real interest rate is relevant to savers because it is reward for savings. Empirical evidence suggests that higher real interest rates lead to increases in savings (Frank and Benanke, 2001).Politicians move to benefit e.g. by gaining political mileage when the economy is favorable, thus they tend to exert a strong bias toward expansionary policy. What prevents politicians from implementing the expansionary policies is inflation at least to fear of generating on acceleration inflation. Inflation is a continuous rise in price level measured with price indexes. If money supply rises the price level will also rise. Inflation does not promote a favorable political environment.ReferencesBernanke, B. and Frank, R. (2001) Principles of Economics .New York McGraw-HillColander, D.C (2001) Economics, New York McGraw Hill Companies.Eaton, B., Diane F. and Douglas W. (2002) Microeconomics.5th Edition New York,Prentice HallMankiw, N. (2000) Principles of Microeconomics. London, South-Western PubPrentice Ha Grant, S. J. (2003) Stan Lakes Introduction Economics, 7th Edition. HarlowPearsons Education ltdRuffin, R. and Paul R. (2000) Principles of Microeconomics. New York, AddisonWesley

“In Training” By Helen Lawson Essay

Helen Lawson uses a number of sound and picture devices in the poem In Training. How do they help us to enhance her description of the swimmer and the river?We have all seen a swimmer racing at all sports competition before, In Training, by Helen Lawson brings back the thoughts in our storehouse but moves the background shot to a calm, smooth river in the morning. The poem uses a series of sound and picture devices to help us imagine the swimmer powering by dint of the weewee. Lawson explains the swimmers movements and uses extensive comparisons to help produce detailed pictures in the readers mind.Similes are a comparison between devil people, places or things. This helps to create a picture in the readers mind of what the poet is portraying. There are a number of similes in the poem,leaves/ that hang wish well a veil, refer to a series of branches drooping over the river to resemble a veil. Like a velvet glove, describes the river gently plication over her as she dives int o the cool water of the river. velvet glove, pictures the water grasping onto her as she streamlines underwater. These similes help to describe the image of the swimmer by relating to identical objects.Metaphors are used potently in this poem to stumble a more direct comparison. These metaphors help in describing the swimmer and her surrounding with more detail. everyplace the glass ribbon portrays the rivers water to look clear and glassy like in appearance. Then she is an engine describes the swimmer powering through the water. that like an engine, as she swims through the water her body moves in a repetitive and rhythmic way. Also, for an engine to function all the parts need to scarper together. The swimmer uses her legs and arms together to swim strongly. The metaphors used are very useful to help picture the swimmer in ones mind.Personification is used to make an object seem human like, even though it is non living, Lawson uses personification to give the impression of h uman feelings and movements. Dawn Whispers describes the sounds of the morning leaves and trees rustling in the light and frail wind. The river/ gently enfolds her reflects on the river closing in and filling the empty spaces around the swimmer as she dives into the water. Mornings secrets,describes happenings that only happen in the morning, few of the mornings hidden secrets that can only be seen in the early hours of the day. Personification is an effective form of describing movements and action of non living things, Lawson uses personification very well in this poem.Onomatopoeia is a sound device used in poems to give the impression of sound and effects. Stirring the leaves gives the impression of leaves rustling in the wind. Another example of onomatopoeia is bursts through the surface, this sentence gives the sound of a big rush of water as she surfaces. explosion of action and sound, portrays water been splashed up by the powerful body movements. The swimmer and the water s movements and sounds are clearly shown in the text and can be visualized easily.In Training is effective at portraying the swimmers burning desire to win. The poem helps us to feel the swimmers want to succeed by starting slowly, complimenting the calm setting of the story, but then building up to large and powerful words. This follows the pace of the swimmer. The swimmer starts slowly, but by the end is powering through the water, splashing up droplets of water that catch the sunshine. I can greatly reflect on this poem, times in the past I had the same passion, but also currently in my life, I have the same burning desire to win and succeed.References In Training, Helen Lawson (Poem)- Helen Lawson An Analysis, Unknown Author (2005)